Control of pests with synthetic chemicals results in several problems. In both developed and developing countries, the use of chemical pesticides has increased dramatically during the last few decades. Pesticides that include insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides are employed in modern agriculture to control pests and to increase crop yield. Prior to the advent of chemical pesticides, predators which are natural enemies of those specific pests, were an important subject in biological sciences with respect to agriculture and forest pest control. They are pests to the extend which efforts must have been made to control them both in terrestrial and aquatic/freshwater environments. Some species of organisms, those that have been introduced from elsewhere may be pest to other organisms as well. However, most of these agents were shown to be of little operational use, largely because of the difficulty in multiplying them in large quantities. Many organisms have been investigated as potential agents for vector mosquito control, including viruses, fungi, bacteria, protozoa, nematodes, invertebrate predators and fish. More number of biocontrol agents was screened for their efficacy and environmental impact including mammalian safety. There has been an increased interest in biological control agents in last decade. In this section, the topic in biological control of pests considered.
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